JURNAL ILMIAH AGRINECA

Respon Pertumbuhan Varietas Bibit Pepaya (Carica papaya L.) Pada Perlakuan Lama Perendaman Auksin Yang Berbeda

Yushi Mardiana — 2026-01-30

Papaya (Carica papaya L.) is an important horticultural crop, and seedling quality greatly determines its growth and productivity. The application of auxin through seed soaking is expected to enhance germination and seedling development. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different papaya varieties and auxin soaking durations on germination and early seedling growth. The experiment was conducted from March to May 2025 in Pranggang Village, Kediri Regency, East Java, using a factorial randomized block design (RBD). The first factor was papaya variety (California and Bangkok), and the second factor was auxin soaking duration at four levels (6, 12, 18, and 24 hours). Ten treatment combinations were obtained, each replicated three times with six plants per replication.

The results showed a significant interaction between papaya variety and auxin soaking duration. The best interaction was observed in the California variety soaked for 12 hours, producing an average of 15.53 leaves at 35 days after sowing (DAS). However, the Bangkok variety showed superior performance overall, with the highest values in most observed variables. Auxin soaking for 12 and 18 hours provided the most favorable effect on seedling growth, as indicated by the highest mean values across most parameters, except for germination rate. The Bangkok papaya variety demonstrated the best overall growth performance, while auxin soaking for 12–18 hours was the most effective treatment for enhancing seedling development. These findings provide practical insights for improving papaya seedling quality and optimizing early growth.

Morphological and Anatomical Identification of Rhizoctonia Mycorrhaza From Four Species of Phalaenopsis sp.

R. Soelistijono — 2026-01-30

Rhizoctonia mycorrhiza is an endophytic fungus that plays an important role in orchid growth and can increase plant resistance to environmental stress and pathogens. The purpose of this study was to examine the morphology and anatomy of Rhizoctonia mycorrhiza isolated from four Phalaenopsis orchid species. The study used a quantitative descriptive method through direct observation and analysis of the percentage of hyphal cell nuclei. The results showed that the four Rhizoctonia mycorrhiza isolates had different colony morphological characteristics. Isolates from Phalaenopsis venosa had brownish-white colonies with rapid mycelial growth, isolates from Phalaenopsis amabilis showed grayish-white colonies with thinner growth and Phalaenopsis celebensis, colonies were white-brown and began to form dark masses suspected to be sclerotia. Meanwhile, isolates from Phalaenopsis gigantea showed white-dark green colonies with a circular growth pattern and rapid spread.

Anatomical observations showed that all isolates had the typical characteristics of Rhizoctonia, namely hyphal branching at a 90° angle, septate hyphae, and the presence of more than one cell nucleus. Based on the count of 120 hyphal cells, isolates from P. venosa (63.3%), P. amabilis (66.6%), and P. gigantea (60%) were dominated by binucleate cells, while isolates from P. celebensis (70%) were dominated by multinucleate cells. This indicates the physiological diversity of Rhizoctonia mycorrhiza among orchid species. Thus, this study confirms that the roots of four species of Phalaenopsis orchid species contain Rhizoctonia mycorrhiza with morphological and anatomical variations that can be used as an inoculum source for the development of orchid cultivation as well as further research related to its physiological function and application as a biological agent.

Bioaccumulation of Copper and Stress Response In Chili Plants Under Organic Management

Sapto Priyadi — 2026-01-30

Copper (Cu) is an essential micronutrient for plant growth, but at elevated concentrations it can become toxic, particularly in agricultural systems transitioning to organic practices where organic fertilizers are applied intensively. This study aimed to evaluate the bioaccumulation of Cu and physiological stress responses in chili plants (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivated under varying doses of cattle manure in a transitional organic farming system. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized block design with manure application rates ranging from 15 to 50 tons per hectare. Observed parameters included yield, Cu concentration in the fruit, and food safety indicators such as Bioaccumulation Factor (BAF), Estimated Weekly Intake (EWI), Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake (PTWI), and Target Hazard Quotient (THQ). The results showed that increasing manure dosage significantly enhanced fruit yield and Cu accumulation. However, no traces of cadmium (Cd) or lead (Pb) were detected, and Cu levels remained within acceptable food safety limits. The highest Cu concentration was observed at the highest manure dose, yet BAF and PTWI values indicated minimal risk to human health. These findings suggest that while cattle manure can improve crop productivity, it may also contribute to Cu accumulation that could trigger oxidative stress in plants. This research contributes to the scientific understanding of micronutrient dynamics, food safety, and plant stress physiology within sustainable organic farming systems.

Pengaruh Macam Mulsa dan Varietas Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Cabai Merah Keriting (Capsicum annum L.)

Laila Qurrotul A’yuni — 2026-01-30

Cabai merah keriting (Capsicum annuum L.) merupakan komoditas hortikultura bernilai tinggi, namun produktivitasnya masih terkendala oleh hama, penyakit, dan keterbatasan teknologi budidaya. Upaya peningkatan hasil dapat dilakukan melalui penggunaan mulsa dan pemilihan varietas unggul. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perlakuan mulsa dan varietas terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil cabai keriting. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret–Juni 2025 di Desa Pulosari, Kecamatan Ngunut, Kabupaten Tulungagung. Metode yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial dua faktor, yaitu macam mulsa (M1: tanpa mulsa, M2: plastik hitam perak, M3: jerami) dan varietas (V1: Iggo Tavi, V2: Tangguh F1, V3: TM 999) dengan tiga ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya interaksi nyata antara macam mulsa dan varietas terhadap jumlah dan berat buah per plot. Dengan hasil tertinggi pada M2V1 (mulsa plastik hitam perak dan varietas Iggo Tavi), jumlah buah 223,00 dan berat buah 917,33 gram per plot (9,83 ton/ha). Secara tunggal, Mulsa jerami (M3) meningkatkan tinggi tanaman tertinggi pada 28 hst (33,27 cm) dan 35 hst (46,11 cm). Sementara itu, varietas memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap seluruh parameter, dengan V1 (Iggo Tavi) menunjukkan hasil terbaik pada tinggi tanaman 21 hst (18,29 cm), 28 hst (36,93 cm), dan 35 hst (54,44 cm), diameter batang (4,88 mm), serta panjang buah (29,99 cm). Umur berbunga tercepat tercatat pada varietas V2 (Tangguh F1) yaitu 30,11 hst.

Pengaruh Produksi, Teknologi, dan Harga Terhadap Pendapatan Petani Pisang Abaka (Musa Textilis Nee) Di Desa Essang, Kepulauan Talaud

Teddy Manueke — 2026-01-30

Pisang abaca merupakan komoditas serat strategis dengan nilai ekonomi tinggi, namun pendapatan petani masih dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor produksi dan pasar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh produksi, teknologi, dan harga jual terhadap pendapatan petani pisang abaca di Desa Essang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode eksplanatori dengan pengumpulan data melalui kuesioner dan wawancara, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa produksi dan harga jual berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pendapatan petani, sedangkan teknologi belum berpengaruh signifikan meskipun dinilai positif oleh petani. Kondisi ini menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan kapasitas produksi dan stabilitas harga merupakan faktor utama dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan petani. Penelitian ini menekankan perlunya strategi penguatan produksi, modernisasi teknologi, dan dukungan pasar bagi pengembangan pisang abaca yang berkelanjutan.

Respon Agronomis Kacang Hijau (Vigna radiata L.) Terhadap Variasi Jenis Pupuk Kandang dan Tingkat Pemupukan Fosfat

Nur Fitriyah — 2026-01-30

Kacang hijau (Vigna radiata L.) menempati posisi ketiga sebagai sumber pangan kacang-kacangan terpenting di Indonesia dan berpotensi dikembangkan pada berbagai agroekosistem. Produktivitas kacang hijau di tingkat petani masih tergolong rendah, salah satunya disebabkan oleh pengelolaan hara yang belum optimal, khususnya penggunaan pupuk organik dan pupuk fosfat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui respon pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman kacang hijau (Vigna radiata L.) terhadap pemberian macam pupuk kandang dan dosis pupuk fosfat. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Punjul, Kabupaten Kediri, pada bulan Desember 2024 sampai Maret 2025, dengan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dua faktor, faktor pertama adalah macam pupuk kandang (K1: pupuk kandang sapi, K2: pupuk kandang kambing, K3: pupuk kandang ayam) dan faktor kedua adalah dosis pupuk fosfat SP-36 (P1: 100 kg/ha, P2: 200 kg/ha, P3: 300 kg/ha). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya interaksi aritara macam pupuk kandang dan dosis pupuk fosfat pada tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, dan jumlah cabang produktif. Perlakuan pupuk kandang berpengaruh nyata pada jumlah polong, bobot polong basah, dan bobot biji kering per tanaman. Sementara itu, perlakuan dosis pupuk fosfat SP-36 berpengaruh nyata pada bobot biji kering per tanaman, dan bobot 100 biji per petak.

Tinjauan Artikel : Jamur Endofit Dari Akar Anggrek (Orchidaceae)

R. Soelistijono — 2026-01-30

Orchids, renowned for their beauty and diverse medicinal properties, are increasingly threatened by habitat destruction and illegal trade, driving many species to extinction. To better understand and conserve these fascinating plants, research into their symbiotic relationships with endophytic fungi (OEF) has become a major focus. This review paper examines the multifaceted roles of endophytic fungi in orchids, including seed germination, stress tolerance, secondary metabolite production, nutrient acquisition, and in vitro propagation. Orchid endophytic fungi play a crucial role in orchid growth and can enhance plant resistance to environmental stresses and pathogens. Endophytic fungi play a crucial role in facilitating orchid seed germination and growth by providing essential nutrients and enhancing stress tolerance. Furthermore, these fungi produce bioactive compounds with significant pharmaceutical potential, underscoring their importance in drug discovery. Furthermore, endophytic fungi enhance nutrient uptake and support micropropagation efforts, thus contributing to orchid conservation. Understanding the complex interactions between orchids and endophytic fungi is crucial for promoting sustainable floriculture, conserving biodiversity, and improving human well-being.